Abstract: Fly ash, as a solid waste from the energy industry, is produced in large quantities. Studying the resource utilization of fly ash can reduce its environmental pollution, achieve waste recycling, and improve economic benefits. Research progress in fly ash utilization from the perspective of life cycle assessment (LCA) is explored. LCA considers every stage of fly ash application products and relies on extensive scientific data to understand the comprehensive environmental impacts of fly ash utilization, thereby reducing subjective biases. It also helps in selecting the optimal applications of fly ash. Current LCA studies on fly ash mainly focus on building materials, while research on harmless treatment, scheme comparison, and other applications is relatively limited. Future research should pay more attention to the LCA of other resource utilization pathways of fly ash. For building materials produced from fly ash, such as cement and concrete, the content of fly ash is positively correlated with the reduction of energy consumption and environmental impacts.