Abstract: With the continuous development of chlor alkali industry,the discharge and storage of calcium carbide slag are increasing,which results in serious environmental pollution and the waste of land and calcium resources. Based on the analysis of the composition and structural characteristics and the problem of resource utilization of calcium carbide slag,the usage of calcium carbide slag in building materials,chemical materials and environmental protection was analyzed in this paper. In addition,the problems and research trends of comprehensive utilization of resources was vitally discussed. The analysis shows that calcium carbide slag has fine particle size and high reactivity. The traditional large-scale consumption is mainly used to replace limestone to prepare cement and other building materials,but it is limited by domestic market saturation and geographical concentration. Calcium hydroxide is the main component of calcium carbide slag,which can be used to prepare calcium oxide,calcium carbonate and other chemical products. However,due to the influence of impurities in calcium carbide slag,the cost of treatment process is high and secondary pollution is easy to occur. Moreover,calcium carbide slag has strong alkalinity and good ablation performance,and it has excellent performance in the treatment of acidic waste water and flue gas desulfurization. In addition,it will become one of the development directions of comprehensive utilization of calcium carbide slag replace calcium absorbent for flue gas desulfurization. In conclusion,the utilization of calcium carbide slag has significant economic and environmental benefits. But the harmful components and impurities in calcium carbide slag are the main factors limiting the utilization of calcium carbide slag. At the same time,the utilization modes of different regions should be considered according to their regional characteristics and local conditions to achieve the“waste control by waste”objective.