Abstract: Coal gasification technology plays an extremely important role in China 's economic development. But it will generate a large amount of fly ash which is consisted of unreacted pulverized coal and slag brought by synthesis gas.After preliminary flocculation,the moisture content of fly ash collected by spraying is 55%-60%,and the rest of the ash is mixture of residual carbon and glass particles.It is necessary to have a better understanding of the structural characteristics,water holding properties and the interaction between water and solid particles of fly ash so that the ash can be fully utilized.In this paper,the significance of dehydration and decarburization,the characteristics of water holding capacity,the technology of water removal and the scheme of comprehensive utilization of fly ash were discussed in order to seek the scientific separation and resource utilization technology of fly ash.At last,prospects for precise separation and resource utilization of coal gasification fly ash was forecasted.Previous experiments show that fly ash-based zeolite has high surface area,unique pore characteristics and excellent ion exchange ability,which can be used to remove heavy metals in soil and wastewater,and as adsorbent to fix pollutants in soil.The chemical composition of fly ash is similar to clay.The reserves of traditional ceramic raw materials are decreasing day by day.Some studies at home and abroad have confirmed that it is feasible to prepare ceramic floor tiles with fly ash.Foreign scholars used fly ash to replace quartz in traditional ceramics.At a certain sintering temperature,the effects of fly ash on the properties of sample ceramics were studied through the changes of flexural strength,water absorption,shrinkage,weight loss rate and so on.It was concluded that the properties of ceramics with fly ash were better than those of traditional ceramics.The gasification fly ash particles were separated by foam flotation method,and the carbon and vitreous of gasification fly ash were obtained respectively. The separated carbon residue was used as the carbon source for catalytic graphitization. The catalyst was then treated by adding graphitization in the process of high temperature heat treatment,so as to explore the feasibility of preparing the graphitized material by gasification fly ash.Ordered graphitization materials with similar properties to commercial graphite were obtained under catalytic conditions. Gasification fly ash and power plant fly ash both have high content of silicon and aluminium,which makes gasified fly ash a potential important source of porous materials such as zeolite molecular sieves.The preparation of zeolite is also the most efficient way to recycle fly ash.This process not only reduces the environmental burden of ash waste,but also applies to catalysis,separation and adsorption. In the future,the occurrence of water in fly ash and its interaction mechanism with fly ash particles should be studied in depth.At the same time,the interface model of ash-water interaction should be constructed.On this basis,new technology of fly ash dewatering should be sought to further reduce the water content of fly ash.The carbon-vitreous separation technology with low energy consumption,high efficiency and less pollution should be studied to reduce the impurity content of the separation products,and new fields of resource utilization of sorted charcoal and vitreous body should be studied to maximize the value of gasified fly ash.