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    废弃光伏组件热解处置过程中EVA与含氟背板交互反应机理

    Interaction mechanism between EVA and fluorine-containing backsheets during pyrolysis disposal of waste photovoltaic modules

    • 摘要: 热解处置是实现废弃光伏组件高效处理和循环利用的有效途径。废弃光伏组件中的可热解部分主要包括有机胶膜及含氟背板。鉴于目前无法完全将有机胶膜和含氟背板分离,因此研究有机胶膜和含氟背板的共热解以及含氟物质迁移转化,是实现废弃光伏组件高效环保处理的关键。首先采用反应分子动力学方法(ReaxFF MD)研究了乙烯−醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)和聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)高分子的单独热解行为。进一步研究了两者共热解过程中含氧/含氟物质的生成转化,揭示了不同反应温度对两者交互作用的影响规律。结果表明:ReaxFF MD可较好地拟合EVA和PVDF的热解行为和产物分布。共热解过程中,PVDF会促进EVA分解生成CO2,而CO2也会进一步与PVDF热解残碳发生碳气化反应;EVA不仅会抑制PVDF衍生热解产物的二次缩聚反应,还会促进小分子含氟有机物生成。此外,EVA可强化PVDF中HF的生成和释放,且该强化作用在高温条件下更为显著。本研究不仅较为全面地揭示了共热解过程中EVA和PVDF的交互反应作用,而且明确了反应温度在优化两者协同效应及F元素定向迁移转化的关键作用。

       

      Abstract: Pyrolysis disposal is an effective way to realize efficient treatment and recycling of waste PV modules. The pyrolyzable part of waste PV modules mainly includes organic films and fluorinated backsheets. Given that it is impossible to completely separate the organic film and fluorine-containing backsheet. the study of the co-pyrolysis of organic film and fluorine-containing backsheet as well as the migration and transformation of fluorine-containing substances is the key to realize the efficient and environmentally friendly treatment of waste PV modules. In this paper, the reaction molecular dynamics (ReaxFF MD) method was used to study the individual pyrolysis behaviors of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymers, and the generation and transformation of oxygen/fluorine-containing substances in the process of co-pyrolysis of these two polymers were further investigated, which reveals the influence of different reaction temperatures on the interactions between the two polymers. The results show that ReaxFF MD can better fit the pyrolysis behaviors and product distributions of EVA and PVDF; during the co-pyrolysis process, PVDF promotes the decomposition of EVA to generate CO2, and CO2 will further react with the residual carbon from the pyrolysis of PVDF in carbon gasification reaction; EVA not only inhibits the secondary condensation reaction of the pyrolysis products derived from PVDF, but also promotes the generation of small molecule fluorine-containing organic compounds; In addition, EVA can enhance the generation and release of HF from PVDF, and the enhancement is more significant under high temperature conditions. This study not only comprehensively reveals the interaction between EVA and PVDF during the co-pyrolysis process, but also clarifies the key role of reaction temperature in optimizing the synergistic effect of the two and the directional migration and transformation of F elements.

       

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