Abstract: This study delves into the exploration of efficient reaction characteristics of methane and carbon dioxide in a photothermal heterogeneous catalyst system, aiming to provide a more promising catalytic solution for methane dry reforming. To achieve this objective, three catalysts: Ni@CaAl_xO_y, Ni@SrTiO₃, and Ni@Sr_0.5Ba_0.5TiO₃ were selected and comprehensively evaluated for their performance within a broad temperature range of 400—800 ℃. The experimental results demonstrated that the Ni@SrTiO₃ catalyst exhibited the highest stability and catalytic activity, particularly at 800 ℃, where its methane conversion peaked at 89.12%, significantly outperforming the other two catalysts. This performance not only underscores the potential application of Ni@SrTiO₃ in methane dry reforming but also highlights the significant advantages of photothermal drive technology in enhancing catalytic performance. Furthermore, this study employed advanced characterization techniques, including hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H₂-TPR), carbon dioxide temperature-programmed desorption (CO₂-TPD), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), to delve into the underlying mechanisms of Ni@SrTiO₃’s superior performance. Through these characterization techniques, it was found that Ni@SrTiO₃’s exceptional performance is primarily attributed to its unique surface defect structure, abundant alkaline centers, and high concentrations of oxygen vacancies. These characteristics not only facilitate the adsorption and activation of reactants but also optimize the oxygen migration mechanism, thereby enhancing catalytic efficiency. Additionally, Ni@SrTiO₃ demonstrated robust anti-coking performance, benefiting from its optimized ternary catalytic interface, which effectively inhibits side reactions in methane dry reforming, further ensuring the stability and durability of the catalyst. These findings not only provide a more promising catalytic solution for methane dry reforming but also offer important theoretical guidance and practical basis for the design and optimization of catalysts. Future research will further optimize the composition and structure of the Ni@SrTiO₃ catalyst to achieve more efficient and sustainable methane conversion and hydrogen production processes.