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    煤电碳捕集耦合氢制甲醇全生命周期碳排放核算研究

    Whole life cycle carbon emission accounting study on coal power carbon capture coupled with hydrogenating to methanol

    • 摘要: 甲醇作为一种重要的清洁燃料和基础化工原料,在全球能源转型和碳中和背景下,绿色甲醇需求量日益增加,市场缺口巨大,亟待突破大规模绿色甲醇制备技术。目前通过“煤电碳捕集耦合氢制甲醇”(CPCC-HM)技术路线大规模稳定制备甲醇已具备一定的工业基础。然而,通过该技术路线制备甲醇的全生命周期碳排放(WLCCE)尚不清楚;此外,不同工艺环节的绿电利用技术成熟度差别较大,未来随着技术的进步将形成不同的工艺组合,而不同工艺组合下制备甲醇的WLCCE尚未被报道。本文根据不同工艺环节的低碳化/绿色化技术成熟度,对CPCC-HM技术路线进行工艺组合与集成,核算不同情景下制备甲醇的WLCCE。在以化石能源供应煤电碳捕集、压缩氢气、合成甲醇、运输甲醇等环节所消耗能量的传统情景下,制备甲醇的WLCCE为1.193 tCO2/t甲醇,达到我国低碳甲醇的标准,是传统甲醇低碳转型的可行技术路线;当煤电碳捕集和合成甲醇工艺环节所需蒸汽通过绿电产生时,所制备甲醇的WLCCE为0.650 tCO2/t甲醇,达到我国清洁甲醇的标准,低碳效益显著;当煤电碳捕集、压缩氢气、合成甲醇装备所需能量均由绿电供应时,所制备甲醇的WLCCE为0.329 tCO2/t甲醇,满足我国可再生甲醇和欧盟《可再生能源指令》的绿色甲醇标准。基于核算结果可见该技术路线对大规模稳定制备绿色甲醇潜力巨大,进一步,研究提出了CPCC-HM技术路线的发展建议。本研究对我国绿色甲醇的发展具有重要启示意义,有助于推进能源转型和“双碳”目标。

       

      Abstract: Methanol is an important clean fuel and basic chemical raw material. There is an urgent need for large amounts of methanol green methanol and a huge market gap under the global energy transition and carbon neutrality situation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to break through the methanol synthesis technology. Currently, large-scale and stable synthesis of methanol through the “coal power carbon capture coupled with hydrotreating to methanol” (CPCC-HM) route already has a certain industrial foundation. However, the whole life-cycle carbon emission (WLCCE) of methanol prepared by this route is unknown. In addition, due to the large inconsistency in the maturi-ty of the green/low-carbon power utilization technology in different processes, various combinations of processes will be formed in the future as the technology progresses. Nevertheless, WLCCE of methanol synthesized under different combinations has not been reported. In this work, based on the maturity of green technologies in different processes, the combination and integration of CPCC-HM route is carried out, and WLCCE of methanol is accounted for all combinations. In the traditional scenario where fossil energy is used to supply the energy of coal-powered carbon capture, compressed hydrogen, synthesized methanol and transported methanol, the WLCCE of methanol is 1.193 tCO2/tCH3OH. It meets China's standards for low-carbon methanol and represents a feasible technological pathway for the low-carbon transition of traditional methanol. The WLCCE of methanol is 0.650 tCO2/tCH3OH when the steam required for coal-powered carbon capture and the synthesized methanol is generated by green power, which meets China's clean methanol standards and demonstrates significant low-carbon benefits. The WLCCE of the synthesized metha-nol is 0.329 tCO2/tCH3OH when the energy required for coal-powered carbon capture, compressed hydrogen, and methanol synthesis is supplied by green power, which meets both China's renewable methanol standards and the green methanol criteria of the EU's Renewable Energy Directive. Based on the results, CPCC-HM route is very promising for large-scale green methanol synthesis. Finally, the recommendations for the development of CPCC-HM route were proposed. This study has significance for the development of green methanol in China, and favors to drive the energy transition and achieve the “dual carbon” target.

       

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