Abstract: In response to the lack of systematic design in the current power plant intelligent sampling system, which cannot select the optimal layout based on its own conditions a study on the layout mode of the intelligent sampling system was carried out: By deeply analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the current mainstream “sampling-transportation-preparation” threestage layout mode and its existing complex transportation, easy loss of moisture, efficiency bottlenecks and other issues, three progressive new business layout modes were proposed: Sampling end reduction to 15 kilograms mode, sampling end preparation of 6 mm samples mode, sampling end preparation of 6 mm samples 3 mm samples mode, the business process, equipment configuration and its advantages and disadvantages of each mode were analyzed, and the solutions to key issues such as sampling organization form, crushing particle size optimization, sample pneumatic transportation, total moisture preservation metering, and waste centralized treatment under the new business layout mode were discussed in depth, and it was innovatively proposed that the number of sampling points and its layout was the core to determine the choice of layout mode. The research conclusion was: The three systematic design of new business layout modes could provide differentiated selection strategies for power plants with different infrastructure conditions “simplifying the sampling end and strengthening the preparation end” to “strengthening the sampling end and simplifying the back-end”. Through business process reengineering and deep integration of technology, a new generation of intelligent sampling system was constructed, which was more concise, reliable and fair. It was of great practical guiding significance and engineering application value to improve the overall level of fuel management in power plants.