Abstract: This study employs bibliometric analysis to investigate the application status and development trends of coal-based solid wastes (such as coal gangue and fly ash) in heavy metal pollution control and soil remediation, based on an analysis of 4175 relevant publications from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The results indicate that coal-based solid wastes demonstrate significant application potential for heavy metal adsorption, pollutant immobilization, and soil improvement due to their unique physicochemical properties. International collaboration and multidisciplinary research in this field have driven technological innovation. Although coal-based solid wastes have yielded positive results in laboratory and small-scale trials, their long-term effectiveness and technical feasibility in large-scale practical applications require further investigation. Future research should focus on the high-value utilization of coal-based solid wastes, optimization of modification techniques, and the formulation of relevant policies and standards to promote their large-scale application in ecological restoration.