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    滑动弧辅助甲烷/氨预混燃烧及NOx排放特性

    Gliding arc-assisted methane/ammonia premixed combustion and NOx emission characteristics

    • 摘要: 氨燃料燃烧稳定性差及NOx排放问题是制约其作为零碳燃料应用的瓶颈。采用滑动弧(Gliding Arc, GA)等离子体技术改善甲烷/氨预混燃烧性能,在不同当量比(Ф)和掺氨比(x_\mathrmNH_3 )条件下研究了甲烷/氨/空气预混旋流火焰的稳定性及排放特性。结果表明:增加掺氨比能提升火焰高度,并降低火焰稳定性,而施加滑动弧等离子体可以显著提高火焰稳定性。当x_\mathrmNH_3 =0~1.0时,在滑动弧等离子体辅助作用下,贫燃吹熄极限扩展至0.46~0.79(拓展幅度为10.2%~40.3%),富燃吹熄极限扩展至1.92~2.31(拓展幅度为28%~32%)。光谱诊断结果表明:\mathrmH_\alpha^* 、\mathrmOH^* 和\mathrmNH_2^* 活性粒子的强度随着掺氨比的增加逐渐提高,这些活性粒子有效促进了燃烧,其中\mathrmNH_2^* 能够有效降低燃烧过程中NOx的排放。在Ф=1.1且低掺氨比(x_\mathrmNH_3 <0.6)时,滑动弧等离子体导致NO排放略有增加,并在x_\mathrmNH_3 =0.4时达到峰值(增幅约为9%),这是由于滑动弧等离子体提升了火焰温度,增强了热力型NOx生成。然而,随着掺氨比进一步增加,滑动弧等离子体增强\mathrmNH_2^* 还原NO化学反应,有效降低了NO排放量,最大降幅达到15.5%。通过氨反应网络发现,氨首先转化为\mathrmNH_2^* ,然后参与后续反应路径,即通过HNO中间体氧化生成NO或直接还原NO生成N2和NNH。NO负敏感性系数表明,\mathrmNH_2^* 在还原NO反应中起着重要作用。滑动弧等离子体在增强甲烷/氨预混燃烧稳定性、扩展贫燃/富燃极限以及降低NOx排放方面具有显著效果,为氨燃料的清洁高效燃烧提供了一种具有潜力的技术路径。

       

      Abstract: The challenges of inadequate combustion stability and excessive NOx emissions remain critical bottlenecks for the utilization of ammonia as a zero-carbon fuel. Gliding arc plasma technology is employed to enhance the combustion performance of methane/ammonia premixed mixtures. The stability and emission characteristics of methane/ammonia/air premixed swirling flames are examined under various equivalence ratios (Ф) and ammonia contents (x_\mathrmNH_3 ). Increasing ammonia contents raises the flame height and reduces flame stability, whereas the application of gliding arc plasma significantly improves stability. With x_\mathrmNH_3 ranging from 0 to 1.0, the use of gliding arc plasma extends the lean blow-off limit to 0.46−0.79 (an increase of approximately 10.2%−40.3%) and the rich blow-off limit to 1.92−2.31 (an increase of approximately 28%−32%). Spectral diagnostic indicate that the emission intensities of \mathrmH_\alpha^* , \mathrmOH^* and \mathrmNH_2^* active species increase with ammonia content, promoting combustion. The \mathrmNH_2^* species play a major role in reducing NOx emissions during combustion. At Ф=1.1 and low ammonia contents (x_\mathrmNH_3 <0.6), gliding arc plasma slight increases NO emissions, reaching a peak at x_\mathrmNH_3 =0.4 (an increase of about 9%) due to the elevated flame temperature and enhanced thermal NOx formation. As x_\mathrmNH_3 increases further, gliding arc plasma strengthens the \mathrmNH_2^* -induced NO reaction pathways, achieving a maximum NO reduction of 15.5%. Reaction pathway analysis shows that ammonia is first converted to \mathrmNH_2^* , which subsequently participates in two competing processes: oxidation through the HNO intermediate to produce NO, or direct NO reduction to form N2 and NNH. The negative sensitivity coefficient of NO confirms that \mathrmNH_2^* plays dominant role in NO reduction. Gliding arc plasma effectively enhances the stability of methane/ammonia premixed flames, extends the lean and rich flammability limits, and reduces NOx emissions, providing a promising route for clean and efficient ammonia combustion.

       

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