Abstract: Currently, W-shaped flame boilers are commonly used in the thermal power field for difficult to ignite and burn out coal types such as lean coal and anthracite. The high combustion temperature inside the furnace leads to a lack of effective measurement and monitoring methods for adjusting combustion deterioration conditions. A study on the optimization of balanced combustion in W-shaped flame boilers based on acoustic CT was conducted to address this issue. The appropriate temperature measurement surface is selected according to the actual size of the W-shaped flame boiler. The accuracy of acoustic CT temperature field measurement and the feasibility of furnace combustion monitoring are demonstrated through the good correspondence between temperature field and boiler indicators. Based on temperature field information combined with secondary air, oxygen content, and nozzle shutdown, the control and optimization of furnace combustion are carried out, effectively reducing the working conditions of flame deviation and poor combustion in the furnace, and further reducing the content of pollutants such as NO_x, CO, and combustible fly ash in the flue gas.