Abstract: In the actual sorting process of dry dense medium fluidized beds, significant differences in size, shape, and density of coal lead to variations in the rising and falling speeds of coal with similar densities within the sorting bed, resulting in different sorting effects within the same sorting time, adversely affecting sorting efficiency. Currently, existing research on gas-solid fluidized beds mainly focuses on spherical particles, making it difficult to directly apply these findings to the actual sorting process of coal with diverse shapes. Furthermore, regarding the prediction of coal rising and falling speeds, apart from the model proposed by Terence Smith and others for simple scenarios, there is currently no applicable computational model. To further explore the impact of coal size and shape on its rising and falling speeds and sorting performance in the bed, and to reveal the influence patterns of coal particle size, shape, and density on rising and falling behavior, a series of gas-solid fluidized bed sorting experiments were conducted with coals of different sizes and shapes to obtain the motion behavior of selected coal in the bed. Based on Stokes' law, an empirical prediction model was developed to predict the rising and falling speeds of coal. When the density of the selected coal is outside the bed density ±0.1 g/cm³, this empirical model aligns well with the rising and falling speed data of different sizes of coal, with a model error of less than 15%, effectively predicting the rising and falling speeds and vertical positions of coal. Additionally, by analyzing the forces acting on coal particles, the influence patterns of the size, shape, and density of selected coal on its sorting efficiency in the gas-solid sorting fluidized bed were revealed. The study found that compared to fine-sized coal, larger coal has a shorter sorting time and higher sorting efficiency, and its actual sorting density is closer to the bed density. Moreover, during the sorting process, the actual sorting density of lump coal exhibits extremely high stability, with the sorting density nearly consistent with the bed density. This makes its sorting effect closer to the ideal state, outperforming similarly sized flat and prismatic coal particles. The research results not only provide a new theoretical basis for gas-solid sorting of coal but also offer important references for improving sorting efficiency in practical industrial applications.