CHU Haozhan,ZHANG Hongyu,LI Bowen,et al. Progress and prospect of CO2 low temperature catalyticdesorption[J].Clean Coal Technology,2025,31(4):97−119.

In recent years, the continuous consumption of industrial fossil fuels has led to a rapid increase in CO2 emissions, which hasbecome a primary driver for exacerbating the greenhouse effect and global climate change. Reducing carbon emissions has thus emerged asan urgent challenge that needs to be addressed. Chemical absorption using aqueous alkanolamine solutions, represented bymonoethanolamine, is regarded as one of the key post-combustion CO2 capture technologies due to its excellent CO2 absorptionperformance and high technical maturity. However, its large-scale application is severely restricted by issues such as high energyconsumption during solvent regeneration and significant solvent loss caused by volatility and degradation at high temperatures. Catalyticdesorption technology introduces solid acid catalysts into CO2-rich absorbents, lowering the activation energy of the CO2 desorptionprocess by accelerating proton transfer and promoting C-N bond cleavage. This approach enhances CO2 desorption efficiency and reducesthe required desorption temperature, thereby decreasing both the sensible and latent heat needed for solvent regeneration. As a result, itnot only achieves substantial reductions in regeneration energy consumption but also minimizes solvent evaporation and loss, demonstrating enormous application potential and becoming a research focus worldwide. This paper systematically reviews advances insolid acid catalysts for CO2 catalytic desorption over the past five years, focusing on the types and characteristics of these catalysts, therelationships between catalyst structure and desorption performance, and the mechanisms underlying the enhancement of CO2desorption. It deeply explores the synergistic effects and reaction pathways of Lewis acid sites, Brønsted acid sites, and basic sites indifferent catalysts during the CO2 catalytic desorption process. Finally, the paper identifies critical scientific challenges in current researchand proposes future directions for CO2 catalytic desorption, aiming to provide fundamental and theoretical support for technologicaldevelopment and promote its industrial application in large-scale, low-cost carbon capture.

初浩展(2001—),男,山东莱阳人,博士研究生。E-mail:hzchu@ipe.ac.cn

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