Abstract: As a linerless all-composite pressure vessel, Type Ⅴ high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels represent an important technical pathway for high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage equipment to evolve toward lightweight construction and high-quality hydrogen storage density. Focusing on linerless all-composite Type Ⅴ high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels, this paper systematically reviews their structural characteristics, typical application scenarios, key manufacturing processes, advances in performance research, and current status of standard systems. It focuses on analyzing the applicability and differences of forming technologies such as filament winding and automated fiber placement （AFP） in complex-surface layup, local reinforcement, thickness control, and defect evolution, and points out that AFP is more compatible with the manufacturing requirements of the “integrated pressure-bearing and sealing” design of Type Ⅴ cylinders. Meanwhile, the research status of Type Ⅴ cylinders in terms of static burst, damage tolerance, fatigue life, and hydrogen permeation behavior is summarized. It is concluded that their in-service failure is essentially a coupled process of structural load-bearing capacity degradation and sealing performance deterioration. Further combined with the development trends of relevant domestic and international standards, it is indicated that existing standards are mainly oriented toward Type Ⅲ and Type Ⅳ hydrogen storage cylinders, and cannot yet fully cover the exclusive requirements of Type Ⅴ cylinders in high-pressure hydrogen permeation testing, port sealing evaluation, defect tolerance, nondestructive testing, and other aspects. Overall, Type Ⅴ hydrogen storage vessels possess significant lightweight and engineering application potential; however, their industrialization still requires systematic breakthroughs in high-precision manufacturing, damage-permeation coupling mechanisms, sealing design of critical regions, and the establishment of dedicated standards.